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Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) can provide images of subsurface electrical structure between two boreholes. Data quality control is a key issue before ERT inversion. However, there is no effective data quality control method on an ERT survey. In this paper, a method called common current gather for a bipole–bipole array (CCGbb) was proposed to check ERT data quality in a rapid way. Synthetic models were conducted to compare the response difference between pole–pole array and bipole–bipole array. A field work at granite area was tested to verify the applicability of the proposed CCGbb method. From the results of this study, we suggested that conducting CCGbb before ERT inversion and a cross-borehole tracer test for both field data quality control and possible water conducting fractures (WCFs) delineation. 相似文献
64.
根据浙江舟山野鸭山至螺头山岸段海域4个测点的海流观测和含沙量调查(其中1个测点)资料,含沙量用1/10000感量的电光分析天平称量测定,悬沙粒度用AT 型库尔特计数器测定,底质表层泥样用激光粒度仪测定,使用DS3水准仪(其精度标准为四等)测量岸段潮滩高程,对该岸段所在海域的泥沙与潮流特征进行了对比分析并讨论了岸滩的冲淤变化。结果表明,该海域悬沙浓度由表层往底层逐渐增高,且与流速有一定的线性关系;中潮悬沙浓度低于大潮,冬季悬沙浓度高于春、夏季;大、中潮的落潮输沙量大于涨潮,大潮涨、落潮的输沙量大于中潮涨、落潮,大潮全潮单宽净输沙量大于中潮;冬季平均悬沙粒径比夏季大,春季适中;春、夏、冬季悬沙的分选系数属分选极好;悬沙的运移路径以落潮流流向为净输沙的方向;该海域的潮流为往复流,涨潮流历时短于落潮流历时,春、夏、冬季平均落潮流速大于平均涨潮流速,最大流速为1.82m/s(夏季),平均流速为0.70m/s;历史上野鸭山至螺头山的古海湾一直缓慢淤涨,1987年以来,潮滩仍缓慢淤涨,中潮滩平均淤高值约为3cm/a,岸滩平均淤进速度约为0.38m/a。 相似文献
65.
Observations and analyses of floc size and floc settling velocity in coastal salt marsh of Luoyuan Bay, Fujian Province, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In coastal environments, fine-grain sediments often aggregate into large and porous flocs. ElectroMagnetic Current Meters (EMCM) and Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry (LISST-ST) have been deployed within a Spartina alterniflora marsh of the Luoyuan Bay in Fujian Province, China, to measure the current velocity, the floc size and the settling velocity between 15 and 22 January 2008. During the observations, the near-bed water was collected in order to obtain the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and constituent grain size. Data show that: (1) the nearbed current velocities vary from 0.1 to 5.6 cm/s in the central Spartina alterniflora marsh and 0.1–12.5 cm/s at the edge; (2) the SSCs vary from 47 to 188 mg/dm 3 . The mean grain size of constituent grains varies from 7.0 to 9.6 μm, and the mean floc sizes (MFS) vary from 30.4 to 69.4 μm. The relationship between the mean floc size and settling velocity can be described as: w s =ad b , in which w s is the floc settling velocity (mm/s), a and b are coefficients. The floc settling velocity varies from 0.17 to 0.32 mm/s, with a mean value of 0.26 mm/s, and the floc settling velocity during the flood tide is higher than that during the ebb tide. The current velocity and the SSC are the main factors controlling the flocculation processes and the floc settling velocity. 相似文献
66.
广东流沙湾4个测站2个周日潮流观测的准调和分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用短期资料的潮流准调和分析方法,对水深为4.4~17.0 m的流沙湾4个测站2个周日潮流观测获得的表、中、底层的潮流资料进行了分析,分别计算了4个测站O1、K1、M2、S2、M4、MS4共6个主要分潮的潮流调和常数,并给出了各观测站位在各层的潮流椭圆要素.计算结果表明:流沙湾主要为日潮流海区,其中湾外为规则日潮流,湾内为不规则日潮流;湾外主要分潮流的北分量一般大于东分量,而湾内主要分潮流的北分量一般小于东分量.观测期间余流的流向主要呈西北向,最大余流流速出现在湾内地形突然收窄处,且在湾内中层余流流速要大于表、底层余流流速.整个海区潮流的可能最大流速表层在57~107 cm/s之间,中层在53~106 cm/s之间,底层在34~98 cm/s之间.流沙湾湾外潮流主要为顺时针的旋转流运动,湾内为带有旋转流的往复流运动. 相似文献
67.
The ground-state entanglement in a transverse spin-1/2 XX chain with a magnetization current is studied. By introducing a magnetization current to the system, a quantum phase transition to current-carrying phase may be presented with the variation of the driving field λ for the magnetic field h>1; and the ground-state entanglement arises simultaneously at the critical point of quantum phase transition. In our model, the introduction of magnetization current may result in more entanglement between any two nearest-neighbour spins. 相似文献
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69.
Vertical land motion caused by continuing glacial isostatic adjustment is one of several important components of sea‐level change and is not limited just to previously glaciated regions. A national‐scale analysis for the British Isles shows an ellipse of present‐day relative uplift (relative sea‐level fall), ~1.2 mm a?1, broadly centred on the deglaciated mountains of Scotland. The pattern of three foci of relative subsidence, ~1 mm a?1, results from the additional interactions of the deglacial meltwater load on the Atlantic basin and the continental shelf, and the signal due to far‐field ice sheets. At a local scale, sediment compaction can more than double the rate of relative land subsidence. Relative land‐level change (the negative of relative sea‐level change) is not the same as vertical land motion. There is a spatial pattern in the difference between relative land‐level change and vertical land motion, with differences at present of approximately ?0.1 to ?0.3 mm a?1 around the British Isles and +2.5 to ?1.5 mm a?1 globally. For the wider scientific and user community, whether or not the differences are considered significant will depend upon the location, time frame and spatial scale of the study that uses such information. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
70.
Suspended matter is an important indicator of water quality in freshwater systems. The flood‐induced turbidity current plays a dominant role in the seasonal dynamic of suspended matter in the Liuxihe Reservoir (23°45′50″N; 113°46′52″E), a large, stratified reservoir at the Tropic of Cancer in southern China. Field measurements show that loading and distribution of suspended matter in the reservoir differ in typical wet, dry and medium years, as a result of different discharge volumes and water level variation patterns. Using historical data and the practical demand for water supply and flood control, we generalized two feasible reservoir operational modes: flood impounding mode (drawing down the reservoir to a low level before flood events to impound inflow during the flooding season) and moderate level change mode (drawing down the reservoir to a moderate level before flood events, then keeping the level within the flood control level during runoff events). To examine the effects of different operational modes and outlet depths on the reservoir's flood‐induced turbidity current, a numerical simulation model was applied in three types of hydrological conditions. The results show that the mode with moderate drawdown and recharge processes can decrease loading of suspended matter in spring and promote turbidity current release during flood events, and upper withdrawal can improve the effects of turbid water release. We suggest that more attention should be focused on water quality management in the reservoir operation stage, severe artificial water level fluctuation being avoided and selective withdrawal becoming an optional management measure. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献